Docker 安装 Nginx 主要有 2 种方法，分别是直接通过 docker 命令安装或通过 Dockerfile 构建。nginx 相关的 docker 镜像所有版本可以查看镜像库的 nginx tags，官方地址为 https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx?tab=tags。
方式一：docker pull nginx
关键字搜索相关镜像
首先通过 nginx 关键字查询当前镜像库的所有 nginx 相关的镜像，使用 docker search 命令，具体示例如下：
knowledgedict@Mac ~ $ docker search nginx
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
nginx Official build of Nginx. 13574 [OK]
jwilder/nginx-proxy Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker c... 1856 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable ... 780 [OK]
linuxserver/nginx An Nginx container, brought to you by Linu... 125
bitnami/nginx Bitnami nginx Docker Image 88 [OK]
tiangolo/nginx-rtmp Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rt... 85 [OK]
jc21/nginx-proxy-manager Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ... 76
alfg/nginx-rtmp NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from s... 72 [OK]
nginxdemos/hello NGINX webserver that serves a simple page ... 58 [OK]
jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager 53 [OK]
nginx/nginx-ingress NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes 37
privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & ... 31 [OK]
schmunk42/nginx-redirect A very simple container to redirect HTTP t... 18 [OK]
nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles 16
nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter NGINX Prometheus Exporter 14
centos/nginx-18-centos7 Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building... 13
raulr/nginx-wordpress Nginx front-end for the official wordpress... 13 [OK]
centos/nginx-112-centos7 Platform for running nginx 1.12 or buildin... 13
blacklabelops/nginx Dockerized Nginx Reverse Proxy Server. 13 [OK]
sophos/nginx-vts-exporter Simple server that scrapes Nginx vts stats... 7 [OK]
mailu/nginx Mailu nginx frontend 7 [OK]
bitwarden/nginx The Bitwarden nginx web server acting as a... 7
bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller Bitnami Docker Image for NGINX Ingress Con... 6 [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb An APB to deploy NGINX 1 [OK]
wodby/nginx Generic nginx 1 [OK]
拉取指定版本的镜像
从镜像库拉取镜像用 docker pull 命令。
knowledgedict@Mac ~ $ docker pull nginx:1.19.1
1.19.1: Pulling from library/nginx
bf5952930446: Already exists
ba755a256dfe: Pull complete
c57dd87d0b93: Pull complete
d7fbf29df889: Pull complete
1f1070938ccd: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:36b74457bccb56fbf8b05f79c85569501b721d4db813b684391d63e02287c0b2
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:1.19.1
下载完成后，可以在本地的镜像列表查看相关信息，如下：
knowledgedict@Mac ~ $ docker images nginx
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx 1.19.1 08393e824c32 2 days ago 132 MB
运行容器
运行容器使用 docker run 命令，具体如下：
knowledgedict@Mac ~ $ docker run -itd --name nginx-demo -p 80:80 nginx:1.19.1
6355f5f66fdd495aa22de56bb786756fc4b4b55b969cab4717401bd91e8bad0a
启动后，查看相应容器运行信息：
knowledgedict@Mac ~ $ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6355f5f66fdd nginx:1.19.1 "/docker-entrypoin..." 10 seconds ago Up 11 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx-demo